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Opanga Zitsulo Zosapanga dzimbiri
Kodi 304 chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi maginito?
Kodi munayamba mwadzifunsapo chifukwa chake zinthu zina zachitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zimamatira ku maginito, pamene zina samatero? Chabwino, ngati mukufuna kudziwa za maginito azitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, mwafika pamalo oyenera. M'nkhaniyi, tiwona ngati zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri 304, imodzi mwazitsulo zodziwika bwino zazitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, ndi maginito kapena ayi. Ndiye tiyeni tiyambe ndikuwulula chinsinsi chakukopa kwa maginito achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri!
Ndiye 304 chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi maginito?
Yankho ndiloti No. 304 zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri nthawi zambiri zimatengedwa kuti si maginito. Komabe, imatha kukhala maginito pang'ono ikagwira ntchito mozizira.
Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kukonzanso kwa microstructure yake panthawi yozizira-yogwira ntchito, yomwe imatha kuyambitsa zolakwika ndi zolakwika zomwe zingapangitse kuti zinthuzo ziwonetsere maginito. Kuphatikiza apo, kuyambitsidwa kwa martensite, gawo la maginito, kumatha kuchitika panthawi yozizira. Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zazing'ono ndipo sizikhudza kwambiri zinthu zonse zopanda maginito za 304 zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri. Ngakhale zili choncho, ndikofunikira kudziwa za kuthekera kwa maginito mukamagwiritsa ntchito zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri 304 muzinthu zomwe maginito amatha kukhala ndi nkhawa.
Nkhaniyi ipitiliza kuyankha funsoli kuchokera m'mbali zotsatirazi:
M'ndandanda wazopezekamo
Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa ferromagnetic ndi non-ferromagnetic?
Pankhani ya maginito, pali magulu awiri akuluakulu: ferromagnetic ndi non-ferromagnetic. Zida za Ferromagnetic ndizomwe zimakopeka kwambiri ndi maginito ndipo zimatha kukhala ndi maginito okha, monga chitsulo, faifi tambala, ndi cobalt.
Komano, zinthu zopanda ferromagnetic zimakopeka mofooka ndi maginito ndipo sizikhala ndi maginito okhazikika, monga mkuwa, aluminiyamu, ndi golide.
Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa ziwirizi ndi kapangidwe kake ka atomiki. Zida za Ferromagnetic zimakhala ndi dongosolo lapadera la ma elekitironi omwe amapanga maginito ang'onoang'ono kuzungulira atomu iliyonse. Magawowa nthawi zambiri amangoyang'ana molunjika, zomwe sizimapangitsa kuti maginito onse asamangidwe.
Komabe, chinthu cha ferromagnetic chikakumana ndi mphamvu ya maginito yakunja, mphamvu za maginito zozungulira ma atomu zimalumikizana ndikukhala zamphamvu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maginito azitha.
Zida zopanda ferromagnetic, kumbali ina, zilibe dongosolo la ma elekitironi lapaderali ndipo sizipanga maginito amphamvu mozungulira atomu iliyonse. Zotsatira zake, siziwonetsa mphamvu zamaginito ndipo sizikhala ndi maginito mosavuta.
Kumvetsetsa kusiyana pakati pa zida za ferromagnetic ndi zopanda ferromagnetic ndikofunikira m'magwiritsidwe ambiri, kuyambira kupanga zida zamaginito pazida zamagetsi mpaka kumvetsetsa momwe zinthu zimagwirira ntchito pamaginito. Zimagwiranso ntchito kwambiri pazinthu zatsiku ndi tsiku zomwe timagwiritsa ntchito, kuyambira maginito a firiji mpaka makhadi a ngongole.
Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi chinthu chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazinthu zosiyanasiyana chifukwa cha zinthu zake zabwino kwambiri, monga kukana dzimbiri komanso mphamvu zambiri. Komabe, maginito achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri amathanso kuchita nawo ntchito zake zosiyanasiyana.
Muzinthu zina, monga makampani opanga ndege, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chosakhala ndi maginito chimasankhidwa kuti chisasokonezedwe ndi zida zovutirapo. Kumbali ina, m'makampani opanga magalimoto, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha maginito chimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo osiyanasiyana, monga ma jekeseni amafuta ndi masensa.
Maginito a chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri angakhudzenso machinability ake. Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha maginito chimakhala chovuta kwambiri pamakina poyerekeza ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chosapanga maginito, chifukwa chimakonda kugwira ntchito mowumitsa ndipo chimafuna njira zapadera zopangira makina.
Komanso, maginito zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zingakhudze weldability ake. Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha maginito chimatha kukumana ndi kuwotcherera kwa maginito, zomwe zimatha kupangitsa kuti arc apatukane ndikupangitsa kuti ma welds asamayende bwino. Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chopanda maginito sichikumana ndi nkhaniyi ndipo ndichosavuta kuwotcherera.
Ponseponse, maginito achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri amatha kukhala ndi gawo lalikulu pantchito zake zosiyanasiyana. Kumvetsetsa maginito a chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndikusankha mtundu woyenera wa ntchito zinazake ndikofunikira kuti pakhale ntchito yabwino komanso moyo wautali.
Kodi maginito a chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri amakhudza bwanji magwiridwe antchito osiyanasiyana?
Kodi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chopanda maginito chingasinthidwe kukhala chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha maginito?
Chabwino, chabwino, kodi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chosapanga maginito chingasinthidwe kukhala chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha maginito? Ndi funso lalikulu lomwe lasokoneza anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi chidwi chofuna kudziwa. Tiyeni tiphwanye.
Choyamba, tiyeni timveketse kuti sizitsulo zonse zosapanga dzimbiri zomwe zili ndi maginito. Ndipotu, mitundu yambiri yazitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri sizikhala ndi maginito chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake a kristalo. Komabe, pali mitundu ina yazitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, monga za austenitic, zomwe zimatha kukhala maginito pambuyo pozizira.
Tsopano, kodi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chosapanga maginito chingasinthidwe kukhala chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha maginito? Yankho lalifupi ndi inde, ndizotheka. Njira imodzi yochitira zimenezi ndiyo kuulula chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chosakhala ndi maginito ku mphamvu ya maginito, yomwe ingagwirizane ndi ma atomu ndi kuyambitsa mphamvu ya maginito. Njirayi imadziwika kuti magnetization.
Njira ina ndikusintha kapangidwe ka chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri powonjezera zinthu monga faifi tambala kapena manganese, zomwe zimatha kukulitsa mphamvu zake zamaginito. Komabe, izi zingakhudzenso zinthu zina zachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, monga kukana kwa dzimbiri ndi mphamvu zake.
Pomaliza, ngakhale kuti n'zotheka kusintha chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chosapanga maginito kukhala chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, ndikofunikira kulingalira momwe kusinthika kotereku kumakhudzira magwiridwe antchito onse ndi katundu wazinthuzo. Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi zinthu zambiri m'moyo, zonse zimafuna kupeza njira yoyenera.
Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha maginito, chomwe chimadziwikanso kuti chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha ferritic, chili ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake apadera a maginito.
Chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi kupanga zida zamagalimoto, monga makina otulutsa mpweya, chifukwa zimalimbana ndi dzimbiri ndipo zimatha kupirira kutentha kwambiri.
Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha maginito chimagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwambiri m'zida zapakhomo, monga mafiriji ndi zotsukira mbale, chifukwa cha kulimba kwake komanso kukana dzimbiri ndi madontho.
Ntchito ina yazitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri za maginito ndi kupanga zipangizo zomangira, monga denga ndi m'mphepete, chifukwa ndi njira yotsika mtengo komanso yochepetsetsa yomwe imatha kupirira nyengo yovuta. Kuphatikiza apo, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zida zamafakitale, monga akasinja osungira ndi mapaipi, chifukwa cha kukana kwake kuzinthu zowononga.
Pazachipatala, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha maginito chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zida zopangira opaleshoni ndi mano chifukwa chokana dzimbiri komanso kutulutsa mosavuta. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga zida zopangira chakudya, chifukwa sichigwira ntchito ndipo imatha kupirira kutentha kwambiri komanso kuyeretsa mwamphamvu.
Ponseponse, maginito apadera a chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri amapangitsa kuti ikhale yosunthika komanso yamtengo wapatali m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana ndi ntchito.
Kodi maginito angagwiritsire ntchito chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi chiyani?
Kutsiliza
Mutu wa maginito achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri unafufuzidwa mozama, ndikufunsa mafunso monga ngati 304 zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri ndi maginito, kusiyana pakati pa zipangizo za ferromagnetic ndi zopanda ferromagnetic, ndi mphamvu ya maginito pa ntchito ya zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri muzogwiritsira ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Kuthekera kosintha chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chosakhala ndi maginito kukhala maginito kunakambidwanso, pamodzi ndi kugwiritsa ntchito chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha maginito.
Mwachidule, pamene mitundu ina ya zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri ili ndi maginito, ina siili, ndipo mphamvu ya maginito ya chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri imatha kukhudza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake pazinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuyambira kupanga mafakitale kupita ku implants zamoyo. Kumvetsetsa zinthu izi ndikugwiritsa ntchito kwawo ndikofunikira kwa omwe ali mgulu la engineering, kupanga, ndi asayansi.
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